Сравнительная характеристика генетического полиморфизма популяций ротана Perccottus glenii (Perciformes, Odontobutidae) Волжского и Иртышского бассейнов

Даны оценки генетического разнообразия и дифференциации популяций ротана Perccottus glenii из водоемов Волжского и Иртышского бассейнов на основании ISSR маркеров. В изученной части Волжского бассейна доля полиморфных локусов (Р) ротана составила 80.4%, генетическое разнообразие (h) – 0.26. Все исследованные популяции ротана в районе Куйбышевского водохранилища (Ульяновская, Самарская область, Тольятти) генетически слабо дифференцированы и происходят из одного источника инвазии. Показатели полиморфизма и генетического разнообразия ротана в водоемах бассейна р. Иртыш выше, чем в Поволжье, составляют: Р = 98.2%, h = 0.33. Генетическая дифференциация между популяциями оз. Ипкуль и р. Тобол (Тюменская область) слабо выражена (Gst = 0.07), поток генов между ними – значительный, что свидетельствует об их недавнем расхождении или происхождении одной популяции от другой. Между популяциями оз. Березово (Курганская область) и оз. Малое Плоское (Казахстан) генетическая дифференциация высокая (GST = 0.31), что может свидетельствовать о разных источниках инвазии ротана на юге Сибири и в Северном Казахстане. Данные о более высоком полиморфизме ротана в бассейне р. Иртыш, а также значительной генетической дифференциации между популяциями ротана Волжского и Иртышского бассейнов (GST = 0.40) лишь частично подтверждают общепринятую гипотезу о заселении ротаном Сибири через Южно-Уральский инвазионный коридор, указывая на наличие нескольких разнородных источников инвазии ротана в ОбьИртышском бассейне. 

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