Гидрохимия лимнических водных объектов и биологические особенности обыкновенной плотвы – Rutilus rutilus (Cyprinidae, Actinopterygii)

Показаны особенности гидрохимических условий в Иваньковском, Шушпанском, Челнавском, Матырском, Старооскольском, Белгородском водохранилищах и биологического состояния обыкновенной плотвы по данным, собранным с мая по октябрь в 2010 2022 гг. В исследовании отмечается, что кратковременные превышения предельных концентраций нормативных значений не критичны для роста плотвы по О₂, pH, нитратам, аммиаку, общему железу и фосфатам. Так, характеристика органических загрязнений (БПК₅) превышала норму в 4 раза в Белгородском водохранилище. Оптимальная ситуация для жизнедеятельности Rutilus rutilus наблюдается в Шушпанском водохранилище, где самцы достигают наибольших размеров 25.1±0.6 см и 224.0±17.1 г, самки 23.6±0.6 см и 226.8±11.6 г (по общей средней длине тела без разделения по возрастам). Обыкновенная плотва способна выдерживать недолговременные превышения БПК₅, так рост был на уровне средних показателей почти во всех лимнических водоёмах при БПК₅ от 1.5±0.2 до 3.4±0.7 мгО₂/дм³ . Превышение БПК₅ в 4 раза, вероятно, затормозило увеличение длины и массы самцов и самок в 1.4 раза в среднем. 

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