Some Approaches to the Assessment of the Ecological State of Different-Type Reservoirs Based on the Relationship among their Main Hydrochemical Parameters

An attempt has been made to assess the status and trends of ecosystems of differenttype reservoirs in Europe and Asia (the Saratov and Volgograd ones, closing the Volga cascade, and the Iriklinsky one, which is the largest on the Ural river) on the basis of the relationship of basic hydrochemical parameters. The ecological status of water bodies was considered from the position of the stability of their ecosystems, which was evaluated using some statistical approaches based on the data of long-term monitoring. The proportion of variability of the main components, the index of plasticity (reliability) corresponding to the average module of the correlation coefficients of hydrochemical parameters were calculated. The desirability function method for qualitative assessment of aquatic ecosystems, characterized by a large number of hydrochemical parameters, was applied. This method allowed minimizing a large amount of information and overcoming the dimension problem. The results of the application of the calculated statistical indices allow us to consider the volume of water flow and summer water temperature as the main factors affecting the content of basic hydrochemical ingredients in the Volgograd and Iriklin reservoirs. The hydrochemical regime of the Saratov reservoir, due to its high flow rate, is determined mainly by the waters coming from the Kuibyshev storage reservoir, and therefore such dependencies were not established. During the study period, the entropy index in the Volga reservoirs fluctuated at the same level, but significantly increased in the Iriklinsky one. The highest values of plasticity are characteristic for the Iriklinsky reservoir, which has the greatest spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of its aquatic environment. During the study period, there have been trends of increasing plasticity in the Saratov reservoir and decreasing in the Iriklinsky one. A decrease in the desirability function indicates some destabilization of their ecosystems.

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