Some Features of the Biology and Ecology of the Invasive Species Hordeum jubatum L. (Poaceae, Liliopsida) in the Southern Ural

The results of our study of the invasive species Hordeum jubatum L. in various ecologico-geographical conditions of the Southern Urals are presented. 32 coenopopulations of the species in the Bashkir Cis-Ural and Trans-Ural regions, the Orenburg and Chelyabinsk regions were investigated. The populations studied were revealed to belong to several types of vegetation communities, namely: the Polygono avicularis-Hordeetum jubati association, the derivate community Hordeum jubatum [Scorzonero-Juncetea gerardii], the derivate community Hordeum jubatum [Cynosurion], and the derivate community Hordeum jubatum [Artemisietea vulgaris / Stellarietea mediae]. Our studying of key morphometric parameters has shown that the undisturbed coenopopulation Zamorskoye-1 (the Orenburg region) was in the lead, where the growth conditions were favorable for the species. The most variable morphometric peremeters among the populations are as follows: the number of generative shoots, the leaf length, and the quantity of seeds. In seventeen prospering coenopopulations the prevalence of highest-class individuals was noted, they were located in the undisturbed or weakly disturbed habitats, one coenopopulation was attributed to equilibrium ones, and the others were depressive. By the results of our cluster analysis, three coenopopulations located in different geographical zones and having the maximum or minimum values in the majority of their morphometric parameters are most different from the total data set. Further monitoring of the centers of invasion and distribution of Hordeum jubatum across the territory of the Southern Urals is necessary.

Hordeum jubatum, invasive species, South Ural, morphometric parameters, vitality structure

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