Population structure and reproductive success of Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae, Liliopsida) on karst landscapes of Southern Timan (Komi Republic): Slope exposure influence
https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2025-1-18-30
Abstract
The influence of slope exposure on the population structure, morphometric features and reproductive characteristics of the rare orchid Cypripedium calceolus L. on karst landscapes of the Southern Timan in the territory of the Paraskiny Lakes Nature Reserve (northeast of the European Russia) was studied. In 2023, six populations of the species were surveyed on karst landforms, namely: five ones on slopes with different exposures, and one on a flat area. It has been revealed that the species forms its largest populations on the slopes of the western and northwestern exposures. Generative shoots damaged by light frosts were noted in all populations, and their share was more than 50% on the western slopes. The slope exposure affects the morphometric parameters of shoots and seeds. Fruit set is associated with both weather conditions and exposure, namely: the lowest fruit set was noted on the cold northwestern slopes, while the highest was on the southern ones. A decrease in the actual seed productivity of the fruit was revealed as the orientation of the slopes changed from north to south (from 9861 down to 3761 pcs), which is associated with the underdevelopment of some seeds. The average actual seed productivity of the generative shoot at the karst outlets of the Southern Timan was 1292 pcs (from 985 up to 1769 seeds in different populations). Along with the vegetative renewal characteristic of this species, seed renewal was also noted in the studied populations, as evidenced by the presence of juvenile individuals therein, whose proportion varied from 1 to 13.5%.
Supporting agencies: The study was conducted in framework of the state assignment of the Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (No. 12125021902460-2).
About the Authors
I. A. Kirillova
Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina A. Kirillova, department of Flora and Vegetation of the North
28 Kommunisticheskaya St., Syktyvkar 167982
D. V. Kirillov
Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitriy V. Kirillov
28 Kommunisticheskaya St., Syktyvkar 167982
References
1. Arditti J., Michaud J. D., Healey P. L. Morphometry of orchid seeds. I. Paphiopedilum and native California and related species of Cypripedium. American Journal of Botany, 1979, vol. 66, iss. 10, pp. 1128–1137. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1979.tb06332.x
2. Bárány-Kevei I. Microclimate of karstic dolines. Acta Climatologica, 1999, vol. 32, no. 33, pp. 19–27.
3. Bátori Z., Vojtkó A., Maák I., Lőrinczi G., Farkas T., Kántor N., Tanács E., Kiss P., Juhász O., Módra G., Tölgyesi C., Erdős L., Aguilon D., Keppel G. Karst dolines provide diverse microhabitats for different functional groups in multiple phyla. Scientific Reports, 2019, vol. 9, article no. 7176. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43603-x
4. Biological Diversity of the Specially Protected Nature Conservation Areas of the Komi Republic. Iss. 9. Federal Reserve “Paraskiny Lakes”. Syktyvkar, FRC Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2024. 442 p. (in Russian).
5. Blinova I. V. Populations of orchids at the northern limit of their distribution (Murmansk Oblast): Effect of climate. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2008, vol. 39, iss. 1, pp. 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413608010050
6. Brzosko E. Dynamics of island populations of Cypripedium calceolus in the Biebrza river valley (North-East Poland). Botanical Journal of Linnean Society, 2002, vol. 139, iss. 1, pp. 67– 77. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00049.x
7. Clements R., Ng P. K., Lu X. X., Ambu S., Schilthuizen M., Bradshaw C. J. Using biogeographical patterns of endemic land snails to improve conservation planning for limestone karsts. Biological Conservation, 2008, vol. 141, iss. 11, pp. 2751–2764.
8. Culver D. C. Hotspots of subterranean biodiversity in caves and wells. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, 2000, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 11–17.
9. Deák B., Rádai Z., Kelemen A., Kiss R., Lukács K., Báthori F., Valkó O., Kovács B., Apostolova I., Palpurina S., Sopotlieva D. Linking environmental heterogeneity and plant diversity: The ecological role of small natural features in homogeneous landscapes. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, vol. 763, article no. 144199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144199
10. Elsakov V. V., Teteryuk L. V. Satellite images for investigation of topography effect on floristic biodiversity of karst landscapes phytocenosis in the North East Part of European Russia. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 2012, no. 3, pp. 78–93 (in Russian).
11. Fay M. F., Pailler T., Dixon K. W. Orchid conservation: Making the links. Annals of Botany, 2015, vol. 116, iss. 3, pp. 377–379. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcv142
12. Fekete R., Vincze O., Nagy J., Löki V., Süveges K., Bódis J., Malkócs T., Lovas-kiss A., Molnár A. North-facing roadside slopes: Anthropogenic climate microrefugia for orchids. Global Ecology and Conservation, 2023, vol. 47, article no. e02642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02642
13. Gale S. W., Fischer G. A., Cribb P. J., Fay M. F. Orchid conservation: Bridging the gap between science and practice. Botanical Journal of the Linnenian Society, 2018, vol. 186, iss. 4, pp. 425–434. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boy003
14. Healey P. L., Michaud J. D., Arditti J. Morphometry of Orchid Seeds. III. Native California and Related Species of Goodyera, Piperia, Platanthera and Spiranthes. American Journal of Botany, 1980, vol. 67, iss. 4, pp. 508–518. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1980.tb07678.x
15. Jakubska-Busse A., Tsiftsis S., Śliwiński M., Křenová Z., Djordjević V., Steiu C., Kolanowska M., Efimov P., Hennigs S., Lustyk P., Kreutz K. C. How to protect natural habitats of rare terrestrial orchids effectively: A comparative case study of Cypripedium calceolus in different geographical regions of Europe. Plants, 2021, vol. 10, no. 2, article no. 404. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020404
16. Kirillov D., Kirillova I. Cypripedium calceolus in the Komi Republic. Version 1.2. Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Occurrence dataset, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15468/2tvr0w (accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-02-20)
17. Kirillova I. A., Kirillov D. V. Reproduction biology of Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. (Orchidaceae) on its northern distribution border. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2015, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 512–522. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425515040095
18. Kirillova I. A., Kirillov D. V. Effect of lighting conditions on the reproductive success of Cypripedium calceolus L. (Orchidaceae, Liliopsida). Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2018, no. 3, pp. 259–273.
19. Kirillova I. A., Kirillov D. V. Population dynamics, reproductive success, and seasonal development of Cypripedium calceolus under different growing conditions as a response to weather factors. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2021, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 472–482. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425521050061
20. Kirillova I. A., Teteryuk L. V., Pestov S. V., Kirillov D. V. Reproduction biology of Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae) in the European North-East of Russia. Botanicheskiy zhurnal, 2012, vol. 97, no. 12, pp. 1516–1532 (in Russian).
21. Kolanowska M., Jakubska-Busse A. Is the lady's-slipper orchid (Cypripedium calceolus) likely to shortly become extinct in Europe? Insights based on ecological niche modeling. PLoS One, 2020, vol. 15, no. 1, article no. e0228420. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228420
22. Kull T. Cypripedium calceolus L. Journal of Ecology, 1999, vol. 87, iss. 5, pp. 913–924. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00407.x
23. Kull T., Selgis U., Peciña M. V., Metsare M., Ilves A., Tali K., Shefferson R. P. Factors influencing IUCN threat levels to orchids across Europe on the basis of national red lists. Ecology and Evolution, 2016, vol. 6, iss. 17, pp. 6245–6265. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2363
24. Nicolè F., Brzosko E., Till-Botraud I. Population viability analysis of Cypripedium calceolus in a protected area: Longevity, stability and persistence. Journal of Ecology, 2005, vol. 93, iss. 4, pp. 716–726. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01010.x
25. R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria, 2020. Available at: http://www.R–project.org (accessed December 17, 2023).
26. Swarts N. D., Dixon K. W. Terrestrial orchid conservation in the age of extinction. Annals of Botany, 2009, vol. 104, iss. 3, pp. 543–556. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp025
27. Tatarenko I. V. Orkhidnye Rossii: zhiznennye formy, biologiia, voprosy okhrany [Orchids of Russia: Life Forms, Biology, Strategy of Preservation]. Moscow, Argus, 1996. 207 р. (in Russian).
28. Terschuren J. Action Plan for Cypripedium calceolus in Europe. Strasbourg, Council of Europe Publications, 1999. 58 p.
29. The Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Plants and Fungi). Moscow, KMK Scientific Press Ltd., 2008. 855 p. (in Russian).
30. Vakhrameeva M. G., Varlygina T. I., Tatarenko I. V. Orchids of Russia (Biology, Ecology and Protection). Moscow, KMK Scientific Press Ltd., 2014. 437 p. (in Russian).
31. White W. B., Culver D. C., Herman J. S., Kane T. C., Mylroie J. E. Karst Lands. The dissolution of carbonate rock produces unique landscapes and poses significant hydrological and environmental concerns. American Scientist, 1995, vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 450–459.
32. Zlobin Yu. A., Sklyar V. G., Klimenko A. A. Populiatsii redkikh vidov rastenii: teoreticheskie osnovy i metodika izucheniya [Populations of Rare Plant Species: Theoretical Bases and Methodology of Study]. Sumi, Universitetskaya kniga, 2013. 439 p. (in Russian).
Review
For citations:
Kirillova I.A., Kirillov D.V. Population structure and reproductive success of Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae, Liliopsida) on karst landscapes of Southern Timan (Komi Republic): Slope exposure influence. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology. 2025;(1):18-30. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2025-1-18-30
Views:
1184
Email this article 
