sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2026-2-205-218sevin-755Research ArticleСтатьиМикроразмерное загрязнение экосистемы озера ИльменьMicro-scale pollution in the Lake Ilmen ecosystemhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-5481-1263ПедченкоА. П.PedchenkoA. P.

Педченко Андрей Петрович

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства и океанографии (ВНИРО)

105187, г. Москва, Окружной проезд, д. 19

Andrey P. Pedchenko

Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO)

19 Okruzhnoy proezd, Moscow 105187

app3960@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3137-0835БлиновскаяЯ. Ю.BlinovskayaYa. Yu.

Блиновская Яна Юрьевна

690922, г. Владивосток, о. Русский, пос. Аякс, д. 10

Yana Yu. Blinovskaya

10 Ajax settlement, Russian island, Vladivostok 690922

blinovskaia.iaiu@dvfu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3013-8647ПлаксинаМ. П.PlaksinaM. P.

Плаксина Марьяна Петровна

105187, г. Москва, Окружной проезд, д. 19

Mariana P. Plaksina

19 Okruzhnoy proezd, Moscow 105187

plaksina@vniro.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-7727-6066МуратовГ. А.MuratovG. A.

Муратов Герман Артемович

199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, д. 7–9

German A. Muratov

7-9 Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg 199034

geralok@bk.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства и океанографии (ВНИРО)РоссияRussian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO)Russian FederationДальневосточный федеральный университетРоссияFar Eastern Federal UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State UniversityRussian Federation20260908202602205218Copyright © Педченко А.П., Блиновская Я.Ю., Плаксина М.П., Муратов Г.А., 20262026Педченко А.П., Блиновская Я.Ю., Плаксина М.П., Муратов Г.А.Pedchenko A.P., Blinovskaya Y.Y., Plaksina M.P., Muratov G.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/755

Исследования последних десятилетий показали, что микропластиковое загрязнение, наряду с другими факторами антропогенного воздействия, может оказывать негативное влияние на биологическую продуктивность водоемов, в том числе на колебания численности и биомассы промысловых популяций. В связи с актуальностью экологической проблемы в мае 2024 г. на оз. Ильмень впервые была проведена съемка микропластика. Исследование было выполнено на всей акватории озера, с отбором проб поверхностной воды на содержание микропластика сетью Манта (335 мкм). Анализ загрязнителей на 15 станциях выявил в пробах наличие синтетических полимерных частиц органических и неорганических компонентов, а также полусинтетических волокон. Это свидетельствует о микроразмерном загрязнении озера, поскольку обнаруженные загрязняющие материалы, включая волокна, могут представлять потенциальную угрозу как для отдельных видов водных биоресурсов, обитающих в водоеме, так и для его экосистемы в целом. Количественная оценка концентраций микропластика и частиц различной природы в водах оз. Ильмень свидетельствует о незначительном загрязнении микропластиком, не превышающем 0.02 ед./м3 . Эти результаты могут быть использованы в качестве фонового (базового) уровня для дальнейших исследований экологических рисков для гидробионтов от воздействия микропластика в Великих озерах северо-запада России, которые имеют промысловое рыбохозяйственное значение, а также на других водоемах Новгородской области. 

Studies over the last decades have shown that microplastic pollution along with other factors of the anthropogenic impact may have a negative effect on the biological productivity of water bodies, including fluctuations in the numbers and biomass of commercial populations. Due to this ecological problem’s relevance, microplastics were first time surveyed on the Lake Ilmen in May, 2024. The study was carried out throughout the lake, and surface water sampling was made for microplastic particles content using a Manta trawl (335 μm). Analysis of pollutants at 15 stations revealed the presence of synthetic polymer particles, organicand inorganic components, as wel as semi-synthetic fibers in the water samples. This is indicative of the lake micro-scaled pollution, as the found contaminants, including fibers, may pose a potential threat both to single species of aquatic bioresources living in the reservoir and to its ecosystem as a whole. Our quantitative assessment of the concentrations of microplastics and particles of various nature in the Lake Ilmen waters indicates negligible microplastic pollution, not exceeding 0.02 pcs/m3 . These results can be used as a background (baseline) level for further studies of environmental risk from exposure to microplastics in the Great Lakes of northwestern Russia, which are of commercial fishery importance, as well as in other reservoirs of the Novgorod region.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.