sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2025-3-334-343sevin-680Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESХроно-географическая изменчивость проявления окрасочного полиморфизма у сизого голубя – Columba livia (Columbidae, Aves) на территории Урала и ПредуральяChrono-geographical variability of color polymorphism manifestation in the blue rock pigeon Columba livia (Columbidae, Aves) in the Ural and Pre-Ural regionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2546-1554ПолявинаО. В.PolyavinaO. V.

Ольга Валентиновна Полявина

кафедра естественных наук

622031; ул. Красногвардейская, д. 57; Нижний Тагил

Olga V. Polyavina

Department of Natural Sciences

622031; 57 Krasnogvardeyskaya St.; Nizhny Tagil

polyavnt@rambler.ruЗябловаЮ. О.ZyablovaYu. O.

Юлия Олеговна Зяблова

622031; ул. Красногвардейская, д. 57; Нижний Тагил

Yulia O. Zyablova

622031; 57 Krasnogvardeyskaya St.; Nizhny Tagil

pan.jl99@mail.ruНижнетагильский государственный социально-педагогический институт (филиал) ФГАОУ ВО «Уральский государственный педагогический университет»РоссияNizhny Tagil State Social Pedagogical Institute of Ural State Pedagogical UniversityRussian Federation20250411202503334343Copyright © Полявина О.В., Зяблова Ю.О., 20252025Полявина О.В., Зяблова Ю.О.Polyavina O.V., Zyablova Y.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/680

   Проведено исследование хроно-географической изменчивости окраски оперения в синантропных популяциях сизых голубей с апреля 2020 г. по апрель 2022 г. в пяти городах Уральского региона и Предуралья: Челябинске, Екатеринбурге, Нижнем Тагиле, Серове, Перми. В «северной» популяции сизых голубей (г. Серов) достоверно выше средняя доля сизого морфотипа и ниже средняя доля черно-чеканных голубей, по сравнению с более «южными» популяциями. С севера на юг увеличивается доля черно-чеканных голубей в синантропных популяциях и снижается средняя доля сизого морфотипа, что, вероятно, определяется климатическими особенностями локалитета. Достоверных межсезонных различий частот морфотипов за изученный период не выявлено. Однако межгодовая динамика частот большинства морфотипов в отдельно взятых локалитетах имеет сезонные особенности. В «северной» популяции (г. Серов) достоверными являются межгодовые различия частот большинства морфотипов как в весенне-летний, так и осенне-зимний период. В локалитетах, расположенных южнее, достоверная межгодовая динамика проявляется только в весенне-летний период. Представители аберрантных морфотипов характеризуются большей чувствительностью к погодно-климатическим изменениям. Голуби сизого морфотипа более устойчивы к экстремальным климатическим условиям. Голуби преобладающих морфотипов – черно-чеканного и сизого – отражают разные поведенческие стратегии при формировании популяционной структуры.

   A study was carried out of the chrono-geographical variability of plumage color polymorphism in synanthropic populations of blue rock pigeons in five cities of the Urals and Pre-Ural regions (Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Tagil, Serov, and Perm) from April 2020 to April 2022. In the northern population of blue rock pigeon (Serov city), the average proportion of the blue morphotype was reliably higher and the average proportion of black-chequer pigeons was lower than in more southern populations. From north to south, the proportion of black-chequer pigeons in the synanthropic populations increased and the average proportion of the blue morphotype de-creased, which was probably determined by climatic peculiarities of the locality. No significant inter-seasonal differences in the frequencies of morphotypes were revealed during the studied period. However, the interannual dynamics of frequencies of most morphotypes in separate localities had seasonal peculiarities. In the northern population (Serov city), the interannual differences in the frequencies of most morphotypes were reliable in both the spring–summer and autumn–winter periods. In the localities located to the south, reliable interannual dynamics was manifested in the spring–summer period only. Representatives of aberrant morphotypes were more sensitive to weather-climatic changes. Blue morphotype pigeons were more resistant to extreme climatic conditions. Pigeons of prevailing morphotypes (black-chequer and blue ones) reflected different behavioural strategies in the population structure formation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.