sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2025-3-318-333sevin-679Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESЭкологические аспекты в развитии взглядов на дератизацию и дезинсекцию в очагах инфекционных болезнейEcological aspects in the development of views at deratization and disinfection in foci of infectious diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4893-7188МатросовА. Н.MatrosovA. N.

Александр Николаевич Матросов

лаборатория эпизоотологического мониторинга

410005; ул. Университетская, д. 46; Саратов

Alexander N. Matrosov

Laboratory of Epizootiological Monitoring

410005; 46 Universitetskaya St.; Saratov

anmatrosov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-4846КузнецовА. А.KuznetsovA. A.

Александр Александрович Кузнецов

410005; ул. Университетская, д. 46; Саратов

Alexander A. Kuznetsov

410005; 46 Universitetskaya St.; Saratov

sansanych-50@mail.ruРоссийский научно-исследовательский противочумный институт «Микроб» РоспотребнадзораРоссияRussian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”Russian Federation20250411202503318333Copyright © Матросов А.Н., Кузнецов А.А., 20252025Матросов А.Н., Кузнецов А.А.Matrosov A.N., Kuznetsov A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/679

   Дератизация и дезинсекция до настоящего времени остаются наиболее востребованными разделами в комплексе профилактики зоонозов. На основе современных знаний о популяционной экологии носителей и переносчиков болезней разработана и внедрена в медицинскую практику концепция, предусматривающая необходимость учета экологических аспектов применения методов и способов контроля численности резервуарных видов животных, обеспечивающих безопасность и эффективность используемых методов и средств. Концепция включает проведение предварительного эпизоотологического обследования в очагах инфекционных болезней, отказ от практики широкомасштабных обработок территорий химическими средствами, разрушение и ликвидацию среды обитания целевых видов на объектах и территориях риска инфицирования населения, эпидемиологическую направленность при планировании и проведении родентицидных и инсектицидных обработок, обеспечение природоохранных мер и сохранение биологического разнообразия природных экосистем.

   Deratization and disinsection remain the most in-demand tools in the complex of zoonotic disease prevention to this day. Based on modern knowledge of the population ecology of the carriers and vectors of diseases, a concept has been developed and introduced into medical practice that takes into account the environmental factors of use of the methods and ways to control the numbers of reservoir animal species, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the techniques applied. The concept includes a preliminary epizootiological survey in infectious disease foci; waiver of the practice of large-scale treatment of territories with chemicals, as well as destruction and elimination of the habitat of the target species on the premises and territories at risk of infection of the population; epidemiological focus in planning and conducting rodenticide and insecticide treatments; ensuring environmental protection measures and preserving the biological diversity of natural ecosystems.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.