sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2025-3-286-299sevin-677Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESТрансформация фенологической нормы даты начала нерестовых миграций Bombina bombina и Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia, Anura) в среднем течении р. МедведицаTransformation of the phenological norm of the start date of spawning migrations of Bombina bombina and Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia, Anura) in the middle reach of the Medveditsa riverhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-6816ЕрмохинМ. В.YermokhinM. V.

Михаил Валентинович Ермохин

биологический факультет; кафедра морфологии и экологии животных

410012; ул. Астраханская, д. 83; Саратов

Mikhail V. Yermokhin

Faculty of Biology; Department of Animal Morphology and Ecology

410012; 83 Astrakhanskaya St.; Saratov

yermokhinmv@yandex.ruТабачишинВ. В.TabachishinV. V.

Василий Васильевич Табачишин

410012; ул. Астраханская, д. 83; Саратов

Vasiliy V. Tabachishin

410012; 83 Astrakhanskaya St.; Saratov

vasya2000.t@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9001-1488ТабачишинВ. Г.TabachishinV. G.

Василий Григорьевич Табачишин

410028; ул. Рабочая, д. 24; Саратов

Vasily G. Tabachishin

410028; 24 Rabochaya St.; Saratov

tabachishinvg@sevin.ruСаратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н. Г. ЧернышевскогоРоссияSaratov State UniversityRussian FederationСаратовский филиал Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАНРоссияSaratov Branch of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20250411202503286299Copyright © Ермохин М.В., Табачишин В.В., Табачишин В.Г., 20252025Ермохин М.В., Табачишин В.В., Табачишин В.Г.Yermokhin M.V., Tabachishin V.V., Tabachishin V.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/677

   В 2023 – 2025 гг. проведен анализ дат окончания зимовки и начала нерестовых миграций жерлянки краснобрюхой и лягушки озерной на территории долины среднего течения р. Медведицы (бассейн Дона, Саратовская область). Установлено поступательное развитие весенних процессов в популяциях этих видов в 2024 г. и протекание их по типу ложной весны в 2023 и 2025 гг. Актуальные фенологические результаты были сопоставлены с ретроспективным временным рядом данных с 1892 по 2020 гг. методом реконструкции динамики среднедекадной температуры среды в зимовальных биотопах. Показана относительная стабильность фенологической нормы даты начал нерестовых миграций двух видов амфибий в период до начала эпохи глобального потепления (с 1892 по 1960 гг.), смещение этой даты на более ранние сроки в период с 1961 по 2020 гг. (на 5 сут.). В конце первой четверти XXI в. произошло резкое ускорение этого процесса (смещение на 10 сут. относительно актуальной фенологической нормы (среднее за 1991 – 2020 гг.)).

   An analysis was carried out of the dates of the hibernation end and the beginning of spawning migrations of the fire-bellied toad and marsh frog in the valley of the middle reach of the Medveditsa river (Don basin, Saratov region) in 2023–2025. The progressive development of spring processes in the populations of these species in 2024 and their occurrence according to the false spring type in 2023 and 2025 were established. The current phenological results were compared with the retrospective time data series from 1892 to 2020 using the method of reconstructing the dynamics of the mean ten-day temperature of the environment in hibernation biotopes. The relative stability of the phenological norm of the date of the beginning of spawning migrations of the two amphibian species in the period before the onset of global warming (from 1892 to 1960) and a shift of this date to earlier dates in the period from 1961 to 2020 (by 5 days) are shown. At the end of the first quarter of the 21st century, there was a sharp acceleration of this process (a shift of 10 days relative to the current phenological norm (mean for 1991–2020)).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.