sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2025-2-183-196sevin-656Research ArticleСтатьиВлияние низкоинтенсивного электромагнитного поля на чувствительность рачков Daphnia magna Straus (Daphniidae, Crustacea) к солям тяжелых металлов на примере бихромата калия и сульфата кадмияEffect of a low-intensity electromagnetic field on the sensitivity of crustaceans Daphnia magna Straus (Daphniidae, Crustacea) to heavy metal salts on the example of potassium bichromate and cadmium sulfatehttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-5160-4730ПапоянГ. К.PapoyanG. K.

Папоян Геворг Камоевич

Кафедра общей экологии и гидробиологии биологического факультета

119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12

12 korp., 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9438-6295ЮсуповВ. И.YusupovV. I.

Юсупов Владимир Исаакович

108840, Москва, г. Троицк, ул. Пионерская, д. 2

2 Pionerskaya St., Moscow, Troitsk 108840

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-4436ГершковичД. М.GershkovichD. M.

Гершкович Дарья Михайловна

119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12

12 korp., 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9121-639XТереховаВ. А.TerekhovaV. A.

Терехова Вера Александровна

119234, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12 119071, г. Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33

12 korp., 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234

33 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119071

Московский государственный университет имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияMoscow Lomonosov State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут фотонных технологий ККИФ НИЦ «Курчатовский институт» РоссияРоссияInstitute of Photon Technologies NRC “Kurchatov Institute”Russian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова; Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАНРоссияMoscow Lomonosov State University; A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20253107202502183196Copyright © Папоян Г.К., Юсупов В.И., Гершкович Д.М., Терехова В.А., 20252025Папоян Г.К., Юсупов В.И., Гершкович Д.М., Терехова В.А.Papoyan G.K., Yusupov V.I., Gershkovich D.M., Terekhova V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/656

Исследовали влияние низкоинтенсивного электромагнитного поля (ЭМП) на чувствительность Daphnia magna Straus, 1820 к двум модельным токсикантам – бихромату калия К2Сr2O7 и сульфату кадмия 3CdSO4ꞏ8H2O. Использовали два режима воздействия ЭМП с частотой 30 МГц: с постоянной амплитудой и в режиме амплитудной манипуляции (АМ) меандром с частотой 50 Гц. О влиянии ЭМП на чувствительность дафний судили по изменению выживаемости рачков, помещенных в растворы токсикантов после воздействия ЭМП. Различия в чувствительности дафний, облученных ЭМП, к исследуемым токсикантам проявлялись в динамике снижения выживаемости в растворах солей в течение 96 ч экспозиции. Наиболее заметными были различия между эффектами воздействия кадмия и бихромата на рачков, облученных в режиме АМ. С целью анализа наследования признаков проведено сравнение эффектов тяжелых металлов на выживаемость потомства у непосредственно облученных самок (серия I) и необлученного ЭМП потомства облученных самок (серия II). Потомство дафний от облучённых самок (серия II) характеризовалось более высокой устойчивостью к токсикантам по сравнению с серией I. Для объяснения повышенной устойчивости потомства облученных рачков обсуждается возможность запуска адаптивных механизмов к повреждающему информационному воздействию ЭМП на генетический материал самок. 

The influence of low-intensity electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the sensitivity of Daphnia magna Straus, 1820 to two model toxicants, namely, potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and cadmium sulfate (3CdSO4ꞏ8H2O), was investigated. Two EMF exposure modes with a frequency of 30 MHz were used, namely: with a constant amplitude and an amplitude modulation (AM) mode with a frequency of 50 Hz. The EMF effect on the sensitivity of Daphnia was assessed by observing changes in the survival of the crustaceans placed into toxicant solutions after EMF ex- posure. Differences in the sensitivity of Daphnia exposed to EMF to the studied toxicants were manifested in the dynamics of survival reduction in salt solutions over a 96-hour exposure period. The most noticeable differences between the effects of cadmium and dichromate on the crustaceans were observed in the AM mode. To analyze the inheritance of traits, a comparison was made of the effects of heavy metals on the survival of offspring from directly exposed females (series I) and the unexposed offspring of exposed females (series II). The offspring of Daphnia from exposed females (series II) exhibited higher resistance to еру toxicants compared to series I. To explain the increased resistance of the offspring from exposed crustaceans, the possibility of adaptive mechanisms being triggered in response to the damaging informational impact of EMF on the genetic material of the females is discussed.

Daphnia magnaвыживаемостьтяжелые металлыпостоянное электро- магнитное полеамплитудно-модулированное полеострая токсичностьэффективные концентрацииDaphnia magnasurvivabilityheavy metalsconstant electromagnetic fieldamplitude-modulated fieldacute toxicityeffective concentrationsРабота частично проведена в рамках государственного задания НИЦ «Курчатовский институт» (калибровка аппарата для воздействия ЭМП на живые системы и отработка методики). Экотоксикологические исследования (воздействие хрома и кадмия на гидробионты) при финансовой поддержке Минобрнауки (соглашение № 075-15-20245460096-223-2023). Культивирование и облучение ракообразных проводилось на базе МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова в рамках Государственного задания МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова (тема № 121032300131-9) «Экологическая физиология водных микрои макроорганизмов и влияние на них потенциально вредоносных природных и антропогенных факторов среды».ReferencesBertin G., Averbeck D. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.