sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2024-4-487-499sevin-607Research ArticleСтатьиОсобенности структурно-функциональной организации листьев и клеточного метаболизма гибридогенного таксона Echinops saksonovii (Asteraceae, Asterales) в сравнении с родительскими видамиStructural and functional organization of leaves and cellular metabolism of the hybridogenic taxon Echinops saksonovii (Asteraceae, Asterales) compared with the parental specieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-3620РозенцветО. А.RozentsvetOlga A.

Розенцвет Ольга Анатольевна, Лаборатория исследования экосистем

445003, г. Тольятти, ул. Комзина, д. 10 

Laboratory Ecosystem research

10 Komzina St., Togliatti 445003

olgarozen55@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-1952БогдановаЕ. С.BogdanovaE. S.

Богданова Елена Сергеевна

445003, г. Тольятти, ул. Комзина, д. 10 

10 Komzina St., Togliatti 445003

cornales@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1826-9636РозенцветВ. А.RozentsvetViktor A.

Розенцвет Виктор Александрович

445003, г. Тольятти, ул. Комзина, д. 10 

10 Komzina St., Togliatti 445003

rozensvet@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1588-8367СаблинаН. А.SablinaNelly A.

Саблина Нелли Александровна

445003, г. Тольятти, ул. Комзина, д. 10 

10 Komzina St., Togliatti 445003

nellitlt@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-774XГребенкинаТ. М.GrebenkinaTatyana M.

Гребенкина Татьяна Михайловна

445003, г. Тольятти, ул. Комзина, д. 10 

10 Komzina St., Togliatti 445003

matane4ka@yandex.ruСамарский федеральный исследовательский центр РАН, Институт экологии Волжского бассейна РАНРоссияSamara Federal Research Center of RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20242312202404487499Copyright © Розенцвет О.А., Богданова Е.С., Розенцвет В.А., Саблина Н.А., Гребенкина Т.М., 20242024Розенцвет О.А., Богданова Е.С., Розенцвет В.А., Саблина Н.А., Гребенкина Т.М.Rozentsvet O.A., Bogdanova E.S., Rozentsvet V.A., Sablina N.A., Grebenkina T.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/607

Гибридизация – важный компонент эволюции и видообразования растений.

Межвидовые и внутривидовые скрещивания могут приводить к изменениям генома, тем самым влияя на морфологию, адаптацию, рост и развитие новых видов растений. Гибридогенный вид Echinops saksonovii Vasjukov происходит от интрогрессивной гибридизации E. ruthenicus M. Bieb. и E. sphaerocephalus L. На морфологическом уровне E. saksonovii отличался от родительских видов меньшими линейными размерами листьев и большей длиной устьиц. Содержание зеленых пигментов и каротиноидов в листьях нотовида было в 2.0 и 2.5 раза больше, но по их соотношению нотовид ближе к родительскому виду E. ruthenicus. В липидном комплексе E. saksonovii обнаружено повышенное содержание липидов, ответственных за формирование тилакоидных и непластидных мембран. Среди вторичных соединений листья растений E. saksonovii накапливали больше флавоноидов и пролина. По количественному содержанию фенольных соединений и продуктов перекисного окисления E. saksonovii ближе к родительскому теневыносливому виду E. sphaerocephalus. Таким образом, выявлены особенности структурно-функциональной организации и клеточного метаболизма в листьях гибридогенного вида E. saksonovii в сравнении с родительскими видами, что может способствовать лучшей приспособляемости и жизнеспособности E. saksonovii и, как следствие, к большей конкурентоспособности.

Hybridization is an important component of plant evolution and speciation. Interspecific and intraspecific crossings may lead to changes in the genome, thereby affecting the morphology, adaptation, growth and development of new plant species. The hybridogenic species Echinops saksonovii Vasjukov originates from the introgressive hybridization of E. ruthenicus M. Bieb. and E. sphaerocephalus L. At the morphological level, E. saksonovii differed from its parent species in smaller linear dimensions of the leaves and a longer length of the stomata. The content of green pigments and carotenoids in the leaves of the hybridogenic species was 2.0 and 2.5 times higher, respectively. However, in terms of the ratio of pigments, E. saksonovii is closer to its parent species E. ruthenicus. An increased content of lipids responsible for the formation of thylakoid and non-plastid membranes was found in the lipid complex of E. saksonovii. Among secondary compounds, E. saksonovii leaves accumulated more flavonoids and proline. In terms of the quantitative content of phenolic compounds and peroxidation products, E. saksonovii is closer to its parent shade-tolerant species E. sphaerocephalus. Thus, some features of the structural and functional organization and cellular metabolism in the leaves of the hybridogenic species E. saksonovii in comparison with its parent species have been revealed, which may contribute to better adaptability and viability of E. saksonovii and, as a consequence, to greater competitiveness. 

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