sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2024-4-471-486sevin-606Research ArticleСтатьиОнтогенетическая структура ценопопуляций древесных растений в спелых сосновых насаждениях МосквыOntogenetic structure of woody plant coenopopulations in ripe pine stands of Moscow cityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-7320ЛежневД. В.LezhnevDaniil V.

Лежнев Даниил Викторович, Лаборатория лесоводства и биологической продуктивности

143030, Московская область, с. Успенское, ул. Советская, д. 21

Laboratory of Forestry and Biological Productivity

21 Sovetskaya St., Uspenskoe, Moscow region 143030

lezhnev.daniil@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-942XЛебедевА. В.LebedevAleksandr V.

Лебедев Александр Вячеславович

127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, д. 49

49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow 127434

alebedev@rgau-msha.ruИнститут лесоведения РАНРоссияInstitute of Forest Science of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationРоссийский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К. А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian Federation20242312202404471486Copyright © Лежнев Д.В., Лебедев А.В., 20242024Лежнев Д.В., Лебедев А.В.Lezhnev D.V., Lebedev A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/606

Представлены результаты изучения онтогенетической структуры ценопопуляций древесных растений на 16 постоянных пробных площадях в спелых сосновых древостоях, расположенных в г. Москве. Впервые в условиях Московского региона применен ценопопуляционный подход для оценки возобновительной способности древесных пород в сосновых дендроценозах. В ходе исследования были рассмотрены участки спелых сосновых насаждений, которые являются репрезентативными для Московского региона. Рассмотрены онтогенетические спектры ценопопуляций: Pinus sylvestris L., Acer platonoides L., Tilia cordata Mill., Ulmus laevis Pall. и Corulys avellana L. Проведен анализ численности древеснокустарниковой растительности нижних ярусов насаждений (подрост и подлесок) и их встречаемости на пробных площадях. Ценопопуляция P. sylvestris имеет возрастной спектр правосторонний с преобладанием особей генеративного состояния и в данных условиях является регрессивной, так как полностью отсутствуют предгенеративные особи. Ценопопуляции A. platonoides, U. laevis и C. avellana характеризуются как эффективно самоподдерживающиеся, а T. cordata – умеренно самоподдерживающаяся. По результатам исследования выявлено, что онтогенетические спектры большинства популяций изученных видов являются неполными из-за отсутствия у растений некоторых онтогенетических состояний. Значительная часть ценопопуляций видов имеет бимодальный онтогенетический спектр.

Онтогенетическое состояние и формирование циклов генерации широколиственных пород объясняется наличием достаточного количества открытых участков – «окон». Отмечено, что подрост имеет достаточно высокий процент отпада до достижения им генеративного онтогенетического состояния под воздействием внешних и внутриценотических факторов. Анализ породного состава подроста и подлеска показал, что набор древесно-кустарниковой растительности насчитывает 12 видов. 

The results of our study of the ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations of woody plants on 16 permanent sample plots in mature pine forests located in Moscow are presented. For the first time, a cenopopulation approach was used to assess the regenerative capacity of tree species in mature pine dendrocenoses in the conditions of the Moscow region. The study examined areas of mature pine stands which are representative of the Moscow region. The ontogenetic spectra of cenopopulations are considered, namely: Pinus sylvestris L., Acer platonoides L., Tilia cordata Mill., Ulmus laevis Pall., Corulys avellana L. Analysis of the number of trees and shrubs in the lower tiers of stands (undergrowth and understory) and their occurrence in sample plots was carried out. The cenopopulation of P. sylvestris has a right-sided age spectrum with predominance of individuals of the generative age state and is regressive under these conditions, since pregenerative individuals are completely absent. The cenopopulations of A. platonoides, U. laevis and C. avellana are characterized as effectively self-sustaining, while T. cordata is moderately selfsustaining. Based on the results of our study, the ontogenetic spectra of most populations of the studied species were established to be incomplete due to the absence of certain ontogenetic states in plants. A significant part of the cenopopulations of the species have a bimodal ontogenetic spectrum. The ontogenetic state and the formation of generation cycles of broad-leaved species are explained by the presence of a sufficient number of open areas – “gaps”. It is noted that young trees have a fairly significant mortality rate before they reach a generative ontogenetic state under the influence of external and intracoenotic factors. Analysis of the species composition of the undergrowth and understory showed that the set of tree and shrub vegetation included 12 species. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.