sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2024-4-457-470sevin-605Research ArticleСтатьиДинамика экосистем влажной судубравы центра Приволжской возвышенностиDynamics of the ecosystems of complex pine woods (sudubrava) at the central part of Volga UplandКудрявцевА. Ю.KudryavtsevAlexey Yu.

Кудрявцев Алексей Ювенальевич, Лаборатория экологии наземных позвоночных степной зоны

410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24 

440031, г. Пенза, ул. Окружная, д. 12а

Laboratory of Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Steppe Zone

24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028

12A Okruzhnaya St., Penza 440031

akydtaks@mail.ruСаратовский филиал Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Государственный природный заповедник «Приволжская лесостепь»РоссияSaratov Branch of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences; State Nature Reserve “Privolzhskaya Lesostep”Russian Federation20242312202404457470Copyright © Кудрявцев А.Ю., 20242024Кудрявцев А.Ю.Kudryavtsev A.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/605

Приведены результаты исследования динамики характерного для центральной части Приволжской возвышенности типа лесных экосистем – влажной судубравы (С3). Исследования проводили на территории участка «Верховья Суры» заповедника «Приволжская лесостепь». Ход процесса изучали в возрастном ряду, выделенном в однородных лесорастительных условиях на основе принципов динамической классификации типов леса. В результате обработки данных таксации леса получены средние величины таксационных показателей древостоев для каждого класса возраста. Одновременно проведен анализ изменений всех компонентов насаждений. На его основе возрастной ряд был разделен на отдельные периоды и фазы. Тенденции изменения доли участия каждой лесообразующей породы в составе древостоя на разных возрастных стадиях описаны нелинейными уравнениями. Проведенное исследование показало, что полученный возрастной ряд представляет собой ряд трансформации лесных сообществ. Нарушение хода лесообразовательного процесса привело к масштабной смене коренных насаждений на производные. После начала применения сплошнолесосечных рубок площадь, занятая лиственными деревьями, постоянно росла. Следствием масштабного применения рубок промежуточного пользования, санитарных и добровольно-выборочных рубок стало формирование изреженных сосновых древостоев. Одновременно происходила и трансформация нижних ярусов сообществ. Эти факторы вызвали ухудшение условий естественного возобновления сосны (Pinus sylvestris L.). В результате, к настоящему времени возможность формирования сосновых древостоев путем естественного возобновления почти полностью исключена. 

The article presents the results of our study of the dynamics of a forest ecosystem type typical for the central part of the Volga Upland, namely, a wet sudubrava (C3). The studies were conducted on the territory of the Upper Sura section of the Privolzhskaya Lesostepye Nature Reserve. The process course was studied in an age series identified in homogeneous forest growth conditions based on the principles of dynamic classification of forest types. As a result of processing the forest taxation data, average values of some taxation indicators of tree stands were obtained for each age class. At the same time, changes in all components of the stands were analyzed. Based on this analysis, the age series was divided into separate periods and phases. Trends in the change in the share of each forest-forming species in the composition of the tree stand at several age stages are described by nonlinear equations. The study showed that the obtained age series is that of forest community transformations. Disruption of the forest formation process has led to a large-scale replacement of native stands with their derivatives. After the start of clearcutting, the area occupied by deciduous trees has been constantly growing. The formation of sparse pine stands was a consequence of the large-scale use of intermediate felling, sanitary and voluntary-selective felling. At the same time, transformation of the lower tiers of the communities occurred. These factors have caused deterioration in the conditions for the natural regeneration of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). As a result, the possibility of forming pine stands by natural regeneration is now almost completely excluded.

лесорастительные условиядинамический рядантропогенная трансформацияПриволжская возвышенностьforest growth conditionsdynamic seriesanthropogenic transformationVolga UplandReferencesAbaturov А. V., Antyukhina V. V. Dynamics of Coniferous Forests of the Moscow Region. Moscow, Nauka, 2000. 222 p. (in Russian).Abaturov А. V., Antyukhina V. V. Dynamics of Coniferous Forests of the Moscow Region. Moscow, Nauka, 2000. 222 p. (in Russian).Abaturov A. V., Melankholin P. N. Natural Dynamics of the Forest on Permanent Trial Areas in the Moscow Region. Tula, Grif i K, 2004. 336 p. (in Russian).Abaturov A. V., Melankholin P. N. Natural Dynamics of the Forest on Permanent Trial Areas in the Moscow Region. Tula, Grif i K, 2004. 336 p. (in Russian).Borisov A. N., Ivanov V. V. Pinus sylvestris L. growth depending on available resources in ecological niche. Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies, 2019, vol. 5, iss. 5, pp. 571–573. https://doi.org/10.31031/EAES.2019.05.000624Borisov A. N., Ivanov V. V. Pinus sylvestris L. growth depending on available resources in ecological niche. Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies, 2019, vol. 5, iss. 5, pp. 571–573. https://doi.org/10.31031/EAES.2019.05.000624Borisov A. N., Ivanov V. V. Simulation modeling of the growth of pine stands. Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2022, no. 3, pp. 40 – 47 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20220306Borisov A. N., Ivanov V. V. Simulation modeling of the growth of pine stands. Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2022, no. 3, pp. 40 – 47 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20220306Cherepanov S. K. Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (the former USSR). Saint Petersburg, Mir i sem'ia-95, 1995. 992 p. (in Russian).Cherepanov S. K. Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (the former USSR). Saint Petersburg, Mir i sem'ia-95, 1995. 992 p. (in Russian).Dyrenkov S. A. Structure and Dynamics of Taiga Spruce Forests. Leningrad, Nauka, 1984. 173 p. (in Russian).Dyrenkov S. A. Structure and Dynamics of Taiga Spruce Forests. Leningrad, Nauka, 1984. 173 p. (in Russian).Filipchuk A. N., ed. Forestry: Terminology Dictionary. Moscow, VNIILM Publ., 2002. 480 p. (in Russian).Filipchuk A. N., ed. Forestry: Terminology Dictionary. Moscow, VNIILM Publ., 2002. 480 p. (in Russian).Fornal-Pieniak B., Ollik M., Schwerk A. Impact of different levels of anthropogenic pressure on the plant species composition in woodland sites. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2019, vol. 38, pp. 295–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.01.013Fornal-Pieniak B., Ollik M., Schwerk A. Impact of different levels of anthropogenic pressure on the plant species composition in woodland sites. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2019, vol. 38, pp. 295–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.01.013Gromtsev A. N. Fundamentals of the Landscape Ecology of Boreal Forests in the European Part of Russia. Petrozavodsk, Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2008. 238 p. (in Russian).Gromtsev A. N. Fundamentals of the Landscape Ecology of Boreal Forests in the European Part of Russia. Petrozavodsk, Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2008. 238 p. (in Russian).Jaloviar P., Saniga M., Kucbel S., Pittner J., Vencurik J., Dovciak M. Seven decades of change in a European old-growth forest following a stand-replacing wind disturbance: A long-term case study. Forest Ecology and Management, 2017, vol. 399, pp. 197–205.Jaloviar P., Saniga M., Kucbel S., Pittner J., Vencurik J., Dovciak M. Seven decades of change in a European old-growth forest following a stand-replacing wind disturbance: A long-term case study. Forest Ecology and Management, 2017, vol. 399, pp. 197–205.Janda P., Trotsiuk V., Mikoláš M., Bače R., Nagel T. A., Seidl R., Seedre M., Morrissey R. C., Kucbel S., Jaloviar P., Jasík M., Vysoký J., Šamonil P., Čada V., Mrhalová H., Lábusová J., Nováková M. H., Rydval M., Matêju L., Svoboda M. The historical disturbance regime of mountain norway spruce forests in the Western Carpathians and its influence on current forest structure and composition. Forest Ecology and Management, 2017, vol. 388, pp. 67–78.Janda P., Trotsiuk V., Mikoláš M., Bače R., Nagel T. A., Seidl R., Seedre M., Morrissey R. C., Kucbel S., Jaloviar P., Jasík M., Vysoký J., Šamonil P., Čada V., Mrhalová H., Lábusová J., Nováková M. H., Rydval M., Matêju L., Svoboda M. The historical disturbance regime of mountain norway spruce forests in the Western Carpathians and its influence on current forest structure and composition. Forest Ecology and Management, 2017, vol. 388, pp. 67–78.Keeley J. E., van Mantgem P., Falk D. A. Fire, climate and changing forests. Nature Plants, 2019, vol. 5, iss. 8, pp. 774–775.Keeley J. E., van Mantgem P., Falk D. A. Fire, climate and changing forests. Nature Plants, 2019, vol. 5, iss. 8, pp. 774–775.Keren S., Diaci J., Motta R., Govedar Z. Stand structural complexity of mixed old-growth and adjacent selection forests in the dinaric mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Forest Ecology and Management, 2017, vol. 400, pp. 531–541.Keren S., Diaci J., Motta R., Govedar Z. Stand structural complexity of mixed old-growth and adjacent selection forests in the dinaric mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Forest Ecology and Management, 2017, vol. 400, pp. 531–541.Kudryavtsev A. Forest types of the “Surskaya Shishka” upland. Forestry Information, 2020, no. 3, pp. 27–45 (in Russian).Kudryavtsev A. Forest types of the “Surskaya Shishka” upland. Forestry Information, 2020, no. 3, pp. 27–45 (in Russian).Kudryavtsev А. Yu. Dynamics of ecosystems of fresh subor (pine woods on sandy soils) in the central part of the Volga Upland. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2022, no. 3, pp. 279–291 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2022-3-279-291Kudryavtsev А. Yu. Dynamics of ecosystems of fresh subor (pine woods on sandy soils) in the central part of the Volga Upland. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2022, no. 3, pp. 279–291 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2022-3-279-291Kudryavtsev А. Yu. The dynamic of pine woods ecosystems on the poor sandy soils at the central part of Volga Upland. Theoretical and Applied Ecology, 2023, no. 3, pp. 49–58 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.25750/1995-4301-2023-3-049-058Kudryavtsev А. Yu. The dynamic of pine woods ecosystems on the poor sandy soils at the central part of Volga Upland. Theoretical and Applied Ecology, 2023, no. 3, pp. 49–58 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.25750/1995-4301-2023-3-049-058Kudryavtsev А. Yu., Oparin M. L., Oparina O. S., Mamaev A. B., Kovalev D. V. State of split birch woods of the Southern Trans-Urals in the zone of high anthropogenic load on natural ecosystems. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2020, no. 4, pp. 427–441 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2020-4-427-441Kudryavtsev А. Yu., Oparin M. L., Oparina O. S., Mamaev A. B., Kovalev D. V. State of split birch woods of the Southern Trans-Urals in the zone of high anthropogenic load on natural ecosystems. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2020, no. 4, pp. 427–441 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2020-4-427-441Kumar Dh., Thakur C. L., Bhardwaj D. R., Sharma N., Sharma H., Sharma P. Sustainable forest management a global review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2021, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 2521–2528.Kumar Dh., Thakur C. L., Bhardwaj D. R., Sharma N., Sharma H., Sharma P. Sustainable forest management a global review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2021, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 2521–2528.Kurnaev S. F. Main Types of Forest in the Middle Part of the Russian Plain. Moscow, Nauka, 1968. 354 p. (in Russian).Kurnaev S. F. Main Types of Forest in the Middle Part of the Russian Plain. Moscow, Nauka, 1968. 354 p. (in Russian).Maesano M., Ottaviano M., Lidestav G., Lasserre B., Matteucci G., Scarascia Mugnozza G., Marchetti M. Forest certification map of Europe. iForest – Biogeosciences and Forestry, 2018, vol. 11, iss. 4, pp. 526–533. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2668-011Maesano M., Ottaviano M., Lidestav G., Lasserre B., Matteucci G., Scarascia Mugnozza G., Marchetti M. Forest certification map of Europe. iForest – Biogeosciences and Forestry, 2018, vol. 11, iss. 4, pp. 526–533. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2668-011Maslov A. A. Dynamic trend in the protected forests of the Center of the Russian plain and analysis of the causes of successional dynamics of plant populations. Ekologiya Populyatsiy: Struktura i Dinamika, 1995, iss. 2, pp. 643–655 (in Russian).Maslov A. A. Dynamic trend in the protected forests of the Center of the Russian plain and analysis of the causes of successional dynamics of plant populations. Ekologiya Populyatsiy: Struktura i Dinamika, 1995, iss. 2, pp. 643–655 (in Russian).Maslov A. A. Old-growth broad-leaved forest in the center of Moscow City: Structure and dynamics over 20 years of observations. Forestry Information, 2020, no. 4, pp. 32–39 (in Russian).Maslov A. A. Old-growth broad-leaved forest in the center of Moscow City: Structure and dynamics over 20 years of observations. Forestry Information, 2020, no. 4, pp. 32–39 (in Russian).Methodical Recommendations on the State Forest Inventory Conduct. Approved by Order No. 472 of the Federal Forestry Agency of November, 10 2011. Moscow, 2011, pp. 119–120 (in Russian).Methodical Recommendations on the State Forest Inventory Conduct. Approved by Order No. 472 of the Federal Forestry Agency of November, 10 2011. Moscow, 2011, pp. 119–120 (in Russian).Mirin D. M., Tikhodeeva M. Yu. Change of Vegetation of Reserved Oak-Wood “Les na Vorskle” During 60 Years. Botanicheskii zhurnal, 2020, vol. 105, no. 7, pp. 672–686 (in Russian).Mirin D. M., Tikhodeeva M. Yu. Change of Vegetation of Reserved Oak-Wood “Les na Vorskle” During 60 Years. Botanicheskii zhurnal, 2020, vol. 105, no. 7, pp. 672–686 (in Russian).Nigatu M. Review on role of forest certification. International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, 2019, vol. 18, iss. 4, pp. 121–123.Nigatu M. Review on role of forest certification. International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, 2019, vol. 18, iss. 4, pp. 121–123.Oparin M. L., Kudryavtsev A. Yu., Oparina O. S., Mamaev A. B. Invasion of the Black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius L.) (Picidae, Aves) into the Dyakovsky (Saltovsky) forest on the array of sands near the Yeruslan river. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2021, no. 1, pp. 97–106. https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2021-1-97-106Oparin M. L., Kudryavtsev A. Yu., Oparina O. S., Mamaev A. B. Invasion of the Black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius L.) (Picidae, Aves) into the Dyakovsky (Saltovsky) forest on the array of sands near the Yeruslan river. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2021, no. 1, pp. 97–106. https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2021-1-97-106Pukinskaya M. Yu. On the origin of nemoral spruce forest standsin the Central Forest Reserve. Botanicheskii zhurnal, 2020 a, vol. 105, no. 12, pp. 1191–1206 (in Russian).Pukinskaya M. Yu. On the origin of nemoral spruce forest standsin the Central Forest Reserve. Botanicheskii zhurnal, 2020 a, vol. 105, no. 12, pp. 1191–1206 (in Russian).Pukinskaya M. Yu. Tree change in nemoral spruce forests of the Central Forest Reserve. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2020 b, no. 4, pp. 459–476 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2020-4-459-476Pukinskaya M. Yu. Tree change in nemoral spruce forests of the Central Forest Reserve. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2020 b, no. 4, pp. 459–476 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2020-4-459-476Pukinskaya M. Yu. Reconstruction of the dynamics of the dark coniferous forests of the Teberdinsky Nature Reserve and prospects for their natural recovery after mass drying out. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2022, no. 4, pp. 431–451 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/16847318-2022-4-431-451Pukinskaya M. Yu. Reconstruction of the dynamics of the dark coniferous forests of the Teberdinsky Nature Reserve and prospects for their natural recovery after mass drying out. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2022, no. 4, pp. 431–451 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/16847318-2022-4-431-451Sannikov S. N. Ecologic and genetic classifications of forest types based on ecologic and genetic series of development of biogeocenoses. Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2019, no. 1, pp. 3–15 (in Russian).Sannikov S. N. Ecologic and genetic classifications of forest types based on ecologic and genetic series of development of biogeocenoses. Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2019, no. 1, pp. 3–15 (in Russian).Sannikov S. N., Petrova I. V., Sannikova N. S., Kochubey A. A., Sannikov D. S. Divergence of biogeocenoses within pine forest types. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2017, vol. 48, iss. 4, pp. 340–349.Sannikov S. N., Petrova I. V., Sannikova N. S., Kochubey A. A., Sannikov D. S. Divergence of biogeocenoses within pine forest types. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2017, vol. 48, iss. 4, pp. 340–349.Schleeweis K. G., Moisen G. G., Schroeder T. A., Toney C., Freeman E. A., Goward S. N., Huang C., Dungan J. L. US national maps attributing forest change: 1986–2010. Forests, 2020, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 653–672.Schleeweis K. G., Moisen G. G., Schroeder T. A., Toney C., Freeman E. A., Goward S. N., Huang C., Dungan J. L. US national maps attributing forest change: 1986–2010. Forests, 2020, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 653–672.Seidl R., Thom D., Kautz M., Martin-Benito D., Peltoniemi M., Vacchiano G., Wild J., Ascoli D., Petr M., Honkaniemi J., Lexer M. J., Trotsiuk V., Mairota P., Svoboda M., Fabrika M., Nagel T. A., Reyer C. P. O. Forest disturbances under climate change. Nature Climate Change, 2017, vol. 7, pp. 395–402.Seidl R., Thom D., Kautz M., Martin-Benito D., Peltoniemi M., Vacchiano G., Wild J., Ascoli D., Petr M., Honkaniemi J., Lexer M. J., Trotsiuk V., Mairota P., Svoboda M., Fabrika M., Nagel T. A., Reyer C. P. O. Forest disturbances under climate change. Nature Climate Change, 2017, vol. 7, pp. 395–402.Tantsyrev N. V., Ivanova N. S., Petrova I. V. Root-closed forest ecosystem formation above forest boundary in Northern Urals mountains. Forestry Bulletin, 2023, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 26–34 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2023-1-26-34Tantsyrev N. V., Ivanova N. S., Petrova I. V. Root-closed forest ecosystem formation above forest boundary in Northern Urals mountains. Forestry Bulletin, 2023, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 26–34 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2023-1-26-34Thrippleton T., Lüscher F., Bugmann H. Climate change impacts across a large forest enterprise in the Northern Pre-Alps: Dynamic forest modelling as a tool for decision support. European Journal of Forest Research, 2020, vol. 139, iss. 3, pp. 483–498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342020-01263-xThrippleton T., Lüscher F., Bugmann H. Climate change impacts across a large forest enterprise in the Northern Pre-Alps: Dynamic forest modelling as a tool for decision support. European Journal of Forest Research, 2020, vol. 139, iss. 3, pp. 483–498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342020-01263-xUkhvatkina O. N., Omelko A. M., Sibirina L. A., Gladkova G. A., Zhmerenetsky A. A. Natural disturbance history regime and the development of the dark coniferous forest in the Southern Sikhote-Alin. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2024, no. 3, pp. 345–363 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2024-3-345-363Ukhvatkina O. N., Omelko A. M., Sibirina L. A., Gladkova G. A., Zhmerenetsky A. A. Natural disturbance history regime and the development of the dark coniferous forest in the Southern Sikhote-Alin. Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, 2024, no. 3, pp. 345–363 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2024-3-345-363

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.