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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sevin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-7318</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35885/1684-7318-2024-4-399-409</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sevin-601</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Многолетние разрастания на каменистом субстрате</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Permanent growth on a stony substrate</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4919-0047</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашихмина</surname><given-names>Т. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashikhmina</surname><given-names>Tamara Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашихмина Тамара Яковлевна</p><p>610000, г. Киров, ул. Московская, д. 36 </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>36 Moskovskaya St., Kirov 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usr08619@vyatsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7104-3337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Домрачева</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Domracheva</surname><given-names>Lyudmila I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Домрачева Людмила Ивановна</p><p>167982, Республика Коми, г. Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 28 </p><p>610017, г. Киров, Октябрьский просп., д. 133</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28 Kommunisticheskaya St., Syktyvkar, Republic of Komi 167982</p><p>133 Oktyabrsky Prosp., Kirov 610017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dli-alga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0700-371X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коротких</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkikh</surname><given-names>Anastasia I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коротких Анастасия Игоревна</p><p>610017, г. Киров, Октябрьский просп., д. 133</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>133 Oktyabrsky Prosp., Kirov 610017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya-malinina1997@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2190-686X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондакова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondakova</surname><given-names>Liubov V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондакова Любовь Владимировна</p><p>610000, г. Киров, ул. Московская, д. 36 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>36 Moskovskaya St., Kirov 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usr11521@vyatsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скугорева</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skugoreva</surname><given-names>Svetlana G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скугорева Светлана Геннадьевна</p><p>167982, Республика Коми, г. Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 28 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28 Kommunisticheskaya St., Syktyvkar, Republic of Komi 167982</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skugoreva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8265-8882</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фокина</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fokina</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фокина Анна Ивановна</p><p>610000, г. Киров, ул. Московская, д. 36 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>36 Moskovskaya St., Kirov 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annushka-fokina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вятский государственный университет; Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyatka State University; Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН; Вятский государственный агротехнологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RAS; Vyatka State Agrotechnological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вятский государственный агротехнологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyatka State Agrotechnological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вятский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyatka State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>399</fpage><lpage>409</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ашихмина Т.Я., Домрачева Л.И., Коротких А.И., Кондакова Л.В., Скугорева С.Г., Фокина А.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ашихмина Т.Я., Домрачева Л.И., Коротких А.И., Кондакова Л.В., Скугорева С.Г., Фокина А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ashikhmina T.Y., Domracheva L.I., Korotkikh A.I., Kondakova L.V., Skugoreva S.G., Fokina A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/601">https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/601</self-uri><abstract><p>Многовидовые цианобактериальные сообщества (биопленки, феномен «цветение») могут постоянно развиваться и длительно вегетировать на различных плотных средах, включая почву и каменистые субстраты. Эти сообщества представляют интерес как в теоретическом, так и практическом планах. Специфические особенности биопленок связаны с тем, что помимо фототрофов (водорослей и цианобактерий), в их состав входят гетеротрофные бактерии, микромицеты, простейшие, коловратки, т. е. в подобных микробоценозах наблюдается классическая трофическая сеть, дающая возможность существовать подобным консорциумам длительное время, в первую очередь, из-за способности цианобактерий к автотрофному питанию по углероду (фотосинтез) и по азоту (азотфиксация), что обеспечивает их устойчивость не только в стабильных условиях среды, но и при стрессовых ситуациях. С практической точки зрения цианобактериальные биопленки могут найти применение в биотехнологии в таких направлениях, как биосорбция, синтез экзометаболитов различной направленности. Кроме того, они могут быть полезны в связи с эксплуатацией различных построек из материала, аналогичного тому, который служил субстратом произрастания микроорганизмов в нашем эксперименте. Исследуемые биопленки в течение 15 лет поддерживались в модельном опыте на каменистом субстрате. Проведенные анализы по определению качественного и количественного состава фототрофного компонента биопленок, антифузариозной активности, определения содержания пигментов и концентрации тяжелых металлов показали, что для разрастаний характерны не только морфологические различия, но и существенные различия определяемых показателей в зависимости от характера роста. В пределах данного каменистого субстрата было выделено три различных типа биопленок и особые разрастания на стенках контейнера, в котором происходило культивирование. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Multispecies cyanobacterial communities (biofilms, the “blooming” phenomenon) may constantly develop and vegetate for a long time on various dense media, including soil and stony substrates. These communities are of interest both theoretically and practically. Some specific features of such biofilms are due to the fact that in addition to phototrophs (algae and cyanobacteria), they include heterotrophic bacteria, micromycetes, protozoa, rotifers. I.e., a classical trophic network is observed in such microbial cenoses, which makes it possible for such consortia to exist for a long time, primarily due to the ability of cyanobacteria to autotrophic nutrition in terms of carbon (photosynthesis) and nitrogen (nitrogen fixation), which ensures their stability not only in stable environmental conditions, but also in stressful situations. From a practical viewpoint, cyanobacterial biofilms could find application in biotechnology in such areas as biosorption and the synthesis of exometabolites of various directions. In addition, they could be useful in connection with the operation of various buildings made of a material similar to that which served as a substrate for the growth of these microorganisms in our experiment. The studied biofilms were maintained for 15 years in a model experiment on a stony substrate. Our analyzes carried out to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the phototrophic component of these biofilms, their antifusarium activity, the content of pigments and the concentration of heavy metals showed that the growths were characterized not only by morphological differences, but also by significant differences in the determined indicators depending on the nature of growth. Within this stony substrate, three different types of biofilms and specific growths on the walls of the container which the cultivation took place in were identified. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>альгоцианобактериальный консорциум</kwd><kwd>биопленки</kwd><kwd>антифузариозная активность</kwd><kwd>фотосинтетические пигменты</kwd><kwd>тяжелые металлы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>algal-cyanobacterial consortium</kwd><kwd>biofilms</kwd><kwd>antifusarium activity</kwd><kwd>photosynthetic pigments</kwd><kwd>heavy metals</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Института биологии ФИЦ Коми НЦ УрО РАН по теме «Структура и состояние компонентов техногенных экосистем подзоны южной тайги» (государственная регистрация в ЕГИСУ № 122040100032-5).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the theme “Structure and Condition of Components of Anthropogenic Ecosystems of the Southern Taiga Subzone” (state registration in EGISU No. 122040100032-5).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Домрачева Л. 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