sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2024-3-345-363sevin-591Research ArticleСтатьиРежим естественных нарушений и развитие древостоя пихтово-елового леса в южном Сихотэ-АлинеNatural disturbance history regime and the development of the dark coniferous forest in the Southern Sikhote-Alinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-1864УхваткинаО. Н.UkhvatkinaO. N.

Ухваткина Ольга Николаевна - Лаборатория лесных экосистем.

690022, Владивосток, проспект 100 лет Владивостоку, д. 159

Olga N. Ukhvatkina - Laboratory of Forest Ecosystems.

159 100 Let Vladivostoku Avenue, Vladivostok 690022

ukhvatkina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-6851ОмелькоА. М.OmelkoA. M.

Омелько Александр Михайлович

690022, Владивосток, проспект 100 лет Владивостоку, д. 159

Alexander M. Omelko

159 100 Let Vladivostoku Avenue, Vladivostok 690022

alexomelko@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-6866СибиринаЛ. А.SibirinaL. A.

Сибирина Лидия Алексеевна

690022, Владивосток, проспект 100 лет Владивостоку, д. 159

Lidia A. Sibirina

159 100 Let Vladivostoku Avenue, Vladivostok 690022

sibirina@biosoil.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-3348ГладковаГ. А.GladkovaG. A.

Гладкова Галина Александровна

690022, Владивосток, проспект 100 лет Владивостоку, д. 159

Galina A. Gladkova

159 100 Let Vladivostoku Avenue, Vladivostok 690022

gladkova@biosoil.ruЖмеренецкийА. А.ZhmerenetskyA. A.

Жмеренецкий Александр Александрович

690022, Владивосток, проспект 100 лет Владивостоку, д. 159

Alexander A. Zhmerenetsky

159 100 Let Vladivostoku Avenue, Vladivostok 690022

zhmerenetsky@mail.ruФедеральный научный центр биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии ДВО РАН РоссияРоссияFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20240810202403345363Copyright © Ухваткина О.Н., Омелько А.М., Сибирина Л.А., Гладкова Г.А., Жмеренецкий А.А., 20242024Ухваткина О.Н., Омелько А.М., Сибирина Л.А., Гладкова Г.А., Жмеренецкий А.А.Ukhvatkina O.N., Omelko A.M., Sibirina L.A., Gladkova G.A., Zhmerenetsky A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/591

Возрастные смены в пихтово-еловых лесах и возможное влияние на них происходящих климатических изменений являются актуальным вопросом. В работе рассмотрен древостой ненарушенного пихтово-елового леса, расположенный в южном Сихотэ-Алине на высоте 530 м над ур. м. В 2001 г. здесь была заложена постоянная пробная площадь, а в 2022 – 2023 гг. была проведена ее ревизия и получены образцы древесины (керны). В результате исследования было установлено, что развитие древостоя имело существенные отличия от описанного ранее в схеме возрастных смен девственного пихтово-елового леса. Во-первых, установлено, за последние 242 года не происходили массовые распады древостоя и выявляются только частичные распады, имевшие место в 1831 – 1850 и в 1931 – 1950 гг. При этом около 50% деревьев ели аянской пережили за время своего развития как минимум 2 частичных распада древостоя. Во-вторых, показано, что в изученном древостое ель аянская не формирует одновозрастного поколения. Также выявлено, что на момент ревизии в древостое сложилась ситуация, предшествующая новому распаду древостоя. Важным полученным результатом является и то, что с 2001 г. наблюдается устойчивый тренд на уменьшение прироста ели аянской у 75% деревьев. Этот тренд может быть связан не с возрастными сменами в древостое, а обусловливаться реакцией ели на глобальное изменение климата. Подобная тенденция может вносить существенные коррективы в возрастные смены древостоев пихтово-еловых лесов.

Age shifts in fir–spruce forests and the potential influence of ongoing climate changes upon them are pressing issues. The study focuses on a stand of undisturbed fir–spruce forest located in the southern Sikhote-Alin at an altitude of 530 m a.s.l. A permanent sample plot was established there in 2001, and a revision was conducted in 2022–2023 with wood samples (cores) obtained. The research has revealed significant deviations in the stand development from the previously described pattern of age shifts in virgin fir–spruce forests. Firstly, it was established that there have been no major stand disturbances over the last 242 years, and only minor ones occurring in 1831–1850 and 1931–1950 were identified. About 50% of Jezo spruce trees survived at least 2 minor disturbances during their development. Secondly, it is shown that Jezo spruce does not form a single-age generation within the studied stand. It was also found that at the time of revision, the stand was in a situation preceding a new stand disturbance. An important result obtained is that a stable trend of decreasing growth has been observed in 75% of Jezo spruce trees since 2001. This trend might not be associated with age shifts within the stand but could be attributed to the spruce’s response to global climate changes. Such a trend could significantly impact the age shifts in fir– spruce forest stands.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.