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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sevin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-7318</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35885/1684-7318-2024-3-331-344</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sevin-590</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зона контакта европейского (Meles meles Linnaeus, 1758) и азиатского (M. leucurus Hodgson, 1847) барсуков (Mustelidae, Mammalia) в правои левобережных районах Саратовской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contact zone of European (Meles meles Linnaeus, 1758) and Asian (M. leucurus Hodgson, 1847) badgers (Mustelidae, Mammalia) in the rightand left-bank districts of the Saratov region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-7579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Опарин</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oparin</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Опарин Михаил Львович - Лаборатория экологии наземных позвоночных степной зоны.</p><p>410028, Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail L. Oparin - Laboratory of Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Steppe Zone.</p><p>24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oparinml@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Картавов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartavov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Картавов Никита Александрович</p><p>440026, Пенза, ул. Красная, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Kartavov</p><p>40 Krasnaya St., Penza 440026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitakartavov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-4122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Опарина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oparina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Опарина Ольга Сергеевна</p><p>410028, Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Oparina</p><p>24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">otis07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сухов Сергей Валентинович</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Университетская, д. 45/51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Sukhov</p><p>45/51 Universitetskaya St., Saratov 410012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">centurie@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9634-1157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Титов Сергей Витальевич</p><p>440026, Пенза, ул. Красная, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Titov</p><p>40 Krasnaya St., Penza 440026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svtitov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Саратовский филиал Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saratov Branch of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences</aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Пензенский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Penza State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Саратовский филиал Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова РАН Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saratov Branch of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Комитет охотничьего хозяйства и рыболовства Саратовской области<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Committee of Hunting and Fishing of the Saratov Region<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>331</fpage><lpage>344</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Опарин М.Л., Картавов Н.А., Опарина О.С., Сухов С.В., Титов С.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Опарин М.Л., Картавов Н.А., Опарина О.С., Сухов С.В., Титов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oparin M.L., Kartavov N.A., Oparina O.S., Sukhov S.V., Titov S.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/590">https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/590</self-uri><abstract><p>Описываются исследования ДНК барсуков (Meles sp.) из правобережных и левобережных районов р. Волги в Cаратовской области. В саратовском Левобережье обитают азиатские барсуки (Meles leucurus Hodgson, 1847), а в Правобережных районах области – европейские барсуки (M. meles Linnaeus, 1758), однако в Хвалынском районе Саратовской области, кроме европейского барсука, обнаружен азиатский барсук. Несмотря на достаточное количество публикаций, посвященных распространению азиатского барсука в ВятскоКамском крае и Поволжье, и исследований, посвященных разработке систематики рода Meles в России, вопрос о границах ареалов европейского и азиатского барсуков и зонах их симпатрии (парапатрии) в Волжско-Камском крае до настоящего времени остается не до конца исследованным. Изучению этого вопроса и посвящена наша работа. В результате анализа собранного нами биологического материала было установлено, что все пять особей барсуков, исследованных из саратовского Заволжья, фенотипически выглядели как азиатские барсуки, но анализ ДНК показал, что лишь две из них были M. leucurus, а три были представлены гетерозиготными особями, несущими гены обоих видов, и были определены как гибриды. Остальные 29 особей были добыты в правобережных районах области. Пробы от барсуков были взяты от особей, добытых от северных до южных границ региона в районах, расположенных вдоль р. Волги на Приволжской возвышенности, и в Окско-Донской равнине. Из них одна особь из Хвалынского района оказалась азиатским барсуком, одна особь из Красноармейского района – гибридом двух названных видов и у трех особей у одной из Татищевского, второй из Вольского и третей из Хвалынского районов обнаружена интрогрессия генов азиатского барсука в генотип европейского барсука. Таким образом, нам удалось выяснить, что на данном этапе развития фазы климатического цикла в Нижнем Поволжье, характеризующейся потеплением зим, р. Волга, с двумя ее водохранилищами в пределах Саратовской области, не является абсолютным зоогеографическим рубежом и барсуки, виды которым свойственен зимний сон, могут в определенных условиях преодолевать, скорее всего, по льду как саму реку, так и озерные части Волгоградского и Саратовского водохранилищ, а по выявленной интрогрессии у отдельных особей из разных районов на Приволжской возвышенности Правобережья Саратовской области можно предположить, что такие переходы через р. Волгу имели место и ранее, возможно, и до зарегулирования ее стока плотинами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>DNA studies of badgers (Meles sp.) from the right-bank and left-bank areas of the Volga river in the Saratov region are described. Asian badgers (Meles leucurus Hodgson, 1847) inhabit the Left Volga Bank of the Saratov region, while European badgers (M. meles Linnaeus, 1758) inhabit the Right Volga Bank districts of the region, but Asian badgers were found in Khvalynsky district of the Saratov region, besides the European badger. Despite a sufficient number of publications devoted to the Asiatic badger distribution in the Vyatka–Kama region and the Volga region, and studies devoted to the development of systematics of the genus Meles in Russia, the question of the boundaries of the ranges of European and Asiatic badgers and the zones of their sympatry (parapatry) in the Volga–Kama region has not been fully investigated to date. Our work is devoted to the study of this question. As a result of analyzing the biological material collected by us, it was found that all five studied individuals of badgers from the Saratov Volga region phenotypically looked like Asian badgers, but our DNA analysis showed that only two of them were M. leucurus, whilst three ones were heterozygous individuals carrying genes from both species and were identified as hybrids. The remaining 29 individuals were captured in the right-bank areas of the region. Badgers were sampled from individuals from the northern to southern borders of the region in areas located along the Volga river on the Volga upland and in the Oka–Don plain. Of these, one individual from Khvalynsky district turned out to be an Asian badger, one individual from Krasnoarmeysky district was a hybrid of the two named species, and three individuals, one from Tatishchevsky, the second from Volsky and the third from Khvalynsky districts showed introgression of Asian badger genes into the genotype of the European badger. Thus, we have managed to find out that at this stage of development of the phase of the climatic cycle in the Lower Volga region, characterized by warming winters, the Volga river, with its two reservoirs within the Saratov region, is not an absolute zoogeographical boundary, and badgers, whose species are characterized by winter sleep, can in certain conditions overcome, most likely on ice, both the river itself and the lake parts of the Volgograd and Saratov reservoirs. According to the revealed introgression in some individuals from different areas on the Volga upland of the right bank of the Saratov region, it can be assumed that such traveling across the Volga river took place earlier, possibly before its flow was regulated by dams.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>европейский барсук</kwd><kwd>азиатский барсук</kwd><kwd>правый и левый берег р. Волги</kwd><kwd>гибридизация</kwd><kwd>интрогрессия</kwd><kwd>Саратовская область</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>European badger</kwd><kwd>Asian badger</kwd><kwd>right and left banks of the Volga river</kwd><kwd>hybridization</kwd><kwd>introgression</kwd><kwd>Saratov region</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramov A. V., Puzachenko A. Yu. Geographical variability of skull and taxonomy of Eurasian badgers (Mustelidae, Meles). Zoologicheskii zhurnal, 2006, vol. 85, no. 5, pp. 641–655 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramov A. V., Puzachenko A. Yu. Geographical variability of skull and taxonomy of Eurasian badgers (Mustelidae, Meles). 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