sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2024-1-98-114sevin-526Research ArticleСтатьиРаспространение устойчивых к антибиотикам актинобактерий в почвах, подверженных разным видам антропогенного воздействияSpread of antibiotic-resistant actinobacteria in soils exposed to various types of anthropogenic impacthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3319-2729ШирокихИ. Г.ShirokikhI. G.

Широких  Ирина   Геннадьевна, Лаборатория биотехнологии растений и микроорганизмов

610007,  г.  Киров,  ул.  Ленина,  д. 166а

167982,  Республика Коми,  г. Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая,  д. 28

Irina G. Shirokikh, Laboratory of Plant and Microorganism Biotechnology

166a Lenin St .,  Kirov 610007

28 Kommunisticheskaya St.,  Syktyvkar,  Republic of Komi 167982

irgenal@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-4091-1237ГембицкаяЕ. А.GembitskayaE. A.

Гембицкая   Екатерина  Александровна

610007,  г.  Киров,  ул.  Ленина,  д. 166а

Ekaterina A. Gembitskaya

166a Lenin St .,  Kirov 610007 

ekgemba@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4919-0047АшихминаТ. Я.AshikhminaT. Ya.

Ашихмина  Тамара  Яковлевна

167982,  Республика Коми,  г. Сыктывкар, ул. Коммунистическая,  д. 28  

Tamara Ya. Ashikhmina

28 Kommunisticheskaya St.,  Syktyvkar,  Republic of Komi 167982

ecolab2@gmail.comФедеральный аграрный научный центр Северо-Востока имени Н. В. Рудницкого; Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАНРоссияFederal Agrarian Scientific Center of the North-East named after N. V. Rudnitsky; Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RASRussian FederationФедеральный аграрный научный центр Северо-Востока имени Н. В. РудницкогоРоссияFederal Agrarian Scientific Center of the North-East named after N. V. RudnitskyRussian FederationИнститут биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАНРоссияInstitute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RASRussian Federation2024240320240198114Copyright © Широких И.Г., Гембицкая Е.А., Ашихмина Т.Я., 20242024Широких И.Г., Гембицкая Е.А., Ашихмина Т.Я.Shirokikh I.G., Gembitskaya E.A., Ashikhmina T.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/526

Исследовали спектры устойчивости к определённому набору антибиотиков и частоты встречаемости резистентных штаммов среди типичных почвенных бактерий – актиномицетов . Использовали равные по объему выборки изолятов из дерново-подзолистой почвы , отобранной на участках , типизирующих различные виды хозяйственной деятельности: производственные территории фанерного завода и химического комбината , территория медицинского учреждения, площадка сбора и хранения ТБО (твердых бытовых отходов). В общей сложности получено 58 изолятов с признаками, характерными для актиномицетов рода Streptomyces секций Cinereus, Helvolo-Flavus и Albus. Установлено, что различные виды хозяйственной деятельности приводят к специфическим изменениям антибиотического резистома, которым характеризуется почва естественного злаково-разнотравного луга (фон). В образце, отобранном на территории химического комбината , чаще, чем в почве фонового участка, встречались изоляты с устойчивостью к налидиксовой кислоте, амоксициллину и цефтриаксону. В почвенных образцах , отобранных на участке сбора ТБО и территории медицинского учреждения значимо (Р<0.05) выше доля штаммов , резистентных к налидиксовой кислоте, линкомицину и азитромицину, а в образце с территории фанерного завода – к налидиксовой кислоте и амоксициллину . Определены группы антибиотиков (хинолоны – налидиксовая кислота и β-лактамы – амоксициллин и цефтриаксон), устойчивость к которым у изолятов стрептомицетов из почв, задействованных в хозяйственной деятельности, была значимо выше, чем у почвенных изолятов с фоновой территории. Полученные данные указывают на необходимость мониторинга в распространении устойчивости к антибиотикам в почвах , подверженных не только риску накопления остаточных концентраций антибиотиков , но и иным последствиям антропогенных воздействий.

The work investigated the spectra of resistance to a certain set of antibiotics and the frequency of occurrence of resistant strains among typical soil bacteria – actinomycetes. Equal samples of isolates from sod-podzolic soil were used,  selected at sites typifying various types of economic activity, namely: the production areas of a plywood factory and a chemical plant, the territory of a medical institution, and a solid waste collection and storage site. A total of 58 isolates with features characteristic of actinomycetes of the genus Streptomyces of the sections Cinereus, Helvolo-Flavus and Albus were obtained. It has been established that various types of economic activity lead to specific changes in the antibiotic resistance, which characterizes the soil of a natural grass-grass meadow (back-ground). Isolates with resistance to nalidixic  acid, amoxicillin and ceftriaxone were found in the sample taken on the territory of the chemical plant more often than in the soil of the background site. The proportion of strains resistant to nalidixic acid, lincomycin and azithromycin was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the soil samples  taken at the MSW collection site and the territory of the medical institution, while those resistant  to nalidixic acid and amoxicillin were in the sample from the plywood factory Groups of antibiotics (quinolones – nalidixic acid, and  β-lactams – amoxicillin and ceftriaxone) were identified, the resistance to which in streptomyces isolates from soils involved in economic activity  was significantly higher than in soil isolates from the background territory. The data obtained in  the work indicate the need to monitor the spread of antibiotic resistance in soils that are not only at risk of accumulation of residual concentrations of antibiotics, but also other  consequences of anthropogenic influences.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.