sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2023-3-290-300sevin-464Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESСравнительный анализ поведения серого журавля (Grus grus) и красавки (Anthropoides virgo) (Gruidae, Aves) в предмиграционный периодComparative analysis of the behavior of the Common crane (Grus grus) and Demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) (Gruidae, Aves) during their pre-migration periodhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-0708КондраковаК. Д.KondrakovaK. D.

119071, г. Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33

33 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119071

kondrakova92@gmail.comИнститут проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАНРоссияA. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20230310202303290300Copyright © Кондракова К.Д., 20232023Кондракова К.Д.Kondrakova K.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/464

Изучение поведения животных важно для понимания эволюции и экологии видов, а также для разработки стратегий и мер по сохранению редких видов. Исследование бюджета времени близкородственных видов позволяет выявить видоспецифические модели поведения. Проведен сравнительный анализ бюджета времени серого журавля (Grus grus) и красавки (Anthropoides virgo) на предмиграционных местах скоплениях, которые в этот период, как правило, кормятся на сельскохозяйственных полях. Выявлены видовые различия в стратегии кормодобывания. Красавки собирают корм, перемещаясь по полю, в то время как серые журавли кормятся, стоя на месте. Таким образом, серые журавли, традиционно использующие для кормежки поля, добывают корм менее энергозатратно, в сравнении с красавками, степным видом, который начал использовать агроландшафты после освоения целины с середины прошлого века. Серые журавли тратят на уход за оперением больше времени, чем красавки, а птенцы обоих видов тратят на эту активность меньше времени, чем взрослые особи. В целом птенцы меньше тратили времени на бдительность, чем взрослые особи, однако статистически значимых различий не обнаружено. Оба вида тратили на отдых и другие активности наименьшее время. 

Studying of animal behavior is important to understand the evolution and ecology of species, as well as to develop strategies and measures to conserve rare species. Investigating the time budget of closely related species allows detecting species-specific patterns of behavior. A comparative analysis of the time budget of the Common crane (Grus grus) and Demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo) in their pre-migration period, during which they as a rule feed in agricultural fields, was carried out. Species differences in the foraging strategies were revealed. Demoiselle cranes forage while moving across the field while Common cranes forage while standing still. Thus, Common cranes, which traditionally use fields to feed, forage less energy-intensely than Demoiselle cranes that are a steppe species and began to use agricultural landscapes after virgin lands since the middle of the last century. Common cranes spent more time preening than Demoiselle cranes, and juveniles of both species spend less time to this activity than adults but no statistically significant differences were found. Both species spent the least time to rest and other activities. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.