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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sevin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-7318</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35885/1684-7318-2023-2-148-178</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sevin-437</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные родентициды и нецелевые виды</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern rodenticides and non-target species</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0062-2119</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерофеева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erofeeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119071, г. Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>33 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119071</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">canis92@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суркова</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surkova</surname><given-names>Ju. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Малая Пироговская, д. 1, с. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Malaya Pirogovskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">u.sura.sura@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-3812</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubkina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119071, г. Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>33 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119071</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annashubkina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский педагогический государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Pedagogical State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>148</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ерофеева Е.В., Суркова Ю.Е., Шубкина А.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ерофеева Е.В., Суркова Ю.Е., Шубкина А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Erofeeva E.V., Surkova J.E., Shubkina A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/437">https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/437</self-uri><abstract><p>Общепризнанно, что загрязнение окружающей среды химическими веществами, используемыми в агротехнических мероприятиях, является крупнейшей проблемой сохранения биологического разнообразия и пищевой безопасности человека, хотя полностью исключить их применение невозможно. Особое значение принадлежит современным родентицидам – суперварфаринам, предназначенным для сокращения численности грызунов, наносящих ущерб сельскому хозяйств, т.е. уничтожения животных. Однако эти препараты высоко токсичны и передаются по пищевым цепям. Провести грань между агроценозами в их классическом понимании и естественной или мало измененной средой практически невозможно. Отсутствие явных, физических границ агроценозов означает, что процессы, происходящие в них, влияют на биологическое разнообразие сопредельных территорий, считающихся естественными. Животные используют как поля, так и пространства, прилегающие к ним. Помимо того, происходит водообмен между обрабатываемыми полями и прилегающими к ним естественными территориями и водоемами. Современные изменения структуры агроценозов (повышение доли полей, на которых проводят обработку родентицидами) и распашка приовражий (благодаря улучшению качества техники) облегчают попадание родентицидов в водоемы. Представлены данные о последствиях применения суперварфаринов в некоторых антропогенных биоценозах южных регионов РФ. Приведены факты массовой гибели консументов 1 и 2 порядка (так называемые нецелевые виды), прямо связанные с их применением. Впервые в РФ выполнены комплексные патоморфологические и токсикологические исследования животных, погибших в природе. Подтверждено наличие бромадиолона в пробах тканей, сделан анализ описаний вскрытий погибших птиц. Подготовлены рекомендации по особенностям сбора и хранения материалов, направляемых для исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is generally recognized that environmental pollution with agrotechnical substances is the major problem for the conservation of biological diversity and human food security. However, their use cannot be completely excluded. Of particular importance are modern rodenticides, i.e. superwarfarins, designed to reduce the numbers of rodents damaging agriculture, i.e. to destroy animals. However, these poisons are highly toxic and are passed up the food chains. Besides, it is impossible to draw a line between agrocenoses in their classical sense and the natural or slightly modified environment. The absence of clear physical boundaries of agrocenoses means that the processes occurring therein affect the biological diversity of adjacent territories, which are considered natural. Animals use both fields and the spaces adjacent to them. In addition, there is a water exchange between cultivated fields and the adjacent natural areas and reservoirs. Modern changes in the structure of agrocenoses increase the segment of fields which rodenticides are used on. The plowing of ravines, riversides and other inconvenient lands (due to an improved quality of equipment) facilitates the ingress of rodenticides into water bodies. Data on the consequences of the use of superwarfarins in some anthropogenic biocenoses of the southern regions of the Russian Federation are presented. Facts of mass destruction of consumers of the 1st and 2nd order (the so-called non-target species), directly related to rodenticid use, are given. Complex pathomorphological and toxicological studies of animals died in nature were carried out for the first time in the Russian Federation. The presence of bromadiolone in tissue samples was confirmed by chemical analysis, and the descriptions of autopsies of dead birds have been processed. Recommendations on the specific features for the collecting and storage of materials sent for research have been prepared.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>родентициды</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянты</kwd><kwd>нецелевые виды</kwd><kwd>дикие животные</kwd><kwd>природные системы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rodenticides</kwd><kwd>anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>non-target species</kwd><kwd>wild animals</kwd><kwd>natural systems</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев С. В., Беляев Е. С., Ищенко А. А. Новый универсальный метод для определения антикоагулянтов второго поколения в родентицидах // Известия вузов. Химия и химическая технология. 2019. Т. 62, № 1. С. 85–90. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196201.5719</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreev S. V., Belyaev E. S., Ischenko A. A. 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