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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sevin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1684-7318</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35885/1684-7318-2023-1-58-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sevin-430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение экологической плотности некоторых видов охотничьих животных по данным зимних маршрутных учетов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimation of the ecological density of some species of hunting animals according to winter route censuses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратенков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratenkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondri60@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-7579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Опарин</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oparin</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oparinml@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-4122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Опарина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oparina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">otis07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский филиал Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov Branch of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратенков И.А., Опарин М.Л., Опарина О.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратенков И.А., Опарин М.Л., Опарина О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratenkov I.A., Oparin M.L., Oparina O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/430">https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/430</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию возможности определения экологической плотности охотничьих животных по данным зимнего маршрутного учета (ЗМУ). Определение плотности охотничьих животных является необходимым условием для определения квот их добычи. Наиболее ценным параметром, характеризующим численность популяций конкретных видов охотничьих животных, является экологическая плотность. Она рассчитывается для площади, фактически заселенной тем или иным видом животных. В практике отечественного охотоведения широко используется плотность населения, рассчитанная на площадь свойственных виду угодий. Под свойственными угодьями понимаются территории, обладающие кормовыми, защитными свойствами для данного вида, как всеми вместе или хотя бы одним из указанных свойств. Однако признание той или иной территории свойственной для некоторого вида животных совсем не означает, что она будет им полностью заселена и, напротив, что территории, признанные несвойственными, не будут посещаться этими животными, что подтверждается материалами зимних маршрутных учетов. При анализе следовой активности охотничьих животных в различных угодьях она регистрируется как в угодьях, которые считаются для вида свойственными, так и в несвойственных для него. При обработке данных зимних маршрутных учетов в качестве территории нахождения животного в течение суток берут участок, лежащий внутри минимального выпуклого контура, проведенного вокруг суточного наследа этого животного. В этом случае в качестве территории, занятой каким-либо животным, можно считать территорию, получаемую путем объединения всех минимальных выпуклых контуров, проведенных вокруг всех суточных наследов, оставленных этим животным за определенное время, например за время проведения ЗМУ. Объединение минимальных выпуклых контуров, проведенных вокруг всех суточных наследов, оставленных всеми животными данного вида за период учетных работ, и можно считать заселенной ими территорией в это время года. Пересечение маршрутом следа является случайным событием, поэтому для определения экологической плотности вида по данным ЗМУ необходимо применение теории вероятностей. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is devoted to the study of the possibility of determining the ecological density of game animals according to winter route censuses. Determining the density of game animals is a prerequisite for determining their prey quotas. The most valuable parameter characterizing population estimation of specific species of game animals is ecological density. She calculated for the area actually inhabited by a particular animal species. The population density, calculated on the area suitable for the type of land, is widely used in the practice of domestic hunting. Territories with feeding and protective properties for this species are considered suitable sites. The materials of winter route counts confirm that the territories suitable for any animal species are not always completely populated by it, and the territories recognized as unsuitable are visited by these animals. Tracking activity of game animals is recorded both in areas that are considered suitable for the species, and in areas that are not typical for it. The territory of the animal during the day is the area lying inside the minimum convex contour drawn around the daily track of this animal. In this case, as the territory occupied by some animal, we can consider the territory obtained by combining all the minimum convex contours drawn around all daily traces left by this animal for a certain time. The union of the minimum convex contours drawn around all daily traces left by all animals of a given species during the period of accounting work can be considered as the territory inhabited by them at this time of the year. The crossing of a track by a route is a random event. Therefore, to determine the ecological density of a species according to the winter route censuses data, it is necessary to apply the probability theory. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>локальный ареал охотничьего вида</kwd><kwd>экологическая плотность охотничьего вида</kwd><kwd>площадь фактически заселенной территории</kwd><kwd>зимний маршрутный учет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>local range of a hunting species</kwd><kwd>ecological density of a hunting species</kwd><kwd>area of actually populated territory</kwd><kwd>winter route census</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Банников А. Г., Теплов В. П. Движение численности и плотности населения лося в РСФСР // Биология и промысел лося. М. : Россельхозиздат, 1964. Сб. 1. С. 5 – 12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bannikov A. G., Teplov V. P. 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