sevinПОВОЛЖСКИЙ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛPovolzhskiy Journal of Ecology1684-73182541-8963Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАН; Товарищество научных изданий КМК.10.35885/1684-7318-2021-1-97-106sevin-253Research ArticleКРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯSHORT COMMUNICATIONSВселение желны (Dryocopus martius L.) (Picidae, Aves) в Дьяковский (Салтовский) лес на Приерусланских пескахInvasion of the Black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius L.) (Picidae, Aves) into the Dyakovsky (Saltovsky) forest on the array of sands near the Yeruslan riverhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8575-5418ОпаринМ. Л.OparinM. L.

Опарин Михаил Львович

Россия, 410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

Mikhail L. Oparin

24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028, Russia

oparinml@mail.ruКудрявцевА. Ю.KudryavtsevA. Yu.

Кудрявцев Алексей Ювенальевич

Россия, 410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

Alexey Yu. Kudryavtsev

24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028, Russia

akydtaks@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-4122ОпаринаО. С.OparinaO. S.

Опарина Ольга Сергеевна

Россия, 410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

Olga S. Oparina

24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028, Russia

otis07@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-6324МамаевА. Б.MamaevA. B.

Мамаев Асхат Борисович

Россия, 410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

Askhat B. Mamaev

24 Rabochaya St., Saratov 410028, Russia

acxat_86@mail.ruСаратовский филиал Института проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова РАНРоссияSaratov Branch of A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2021180520210197106Copyright © Опарин М.Л., Кудрявцев А.Ю., Опарина О.С., Мамаев А.Б., 20212021Опарин М.Л., Кудрявцев А.Ю., Опарина О.С., Мамаев А.Б.Oparin M.L., Kudryavtsev A.Y., Oparina O.S., Mamaev A.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sevin.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/253

Рассматривается факт заселения желной (Dryocopus martius L.) Дьяковского (Салтовского) лесного массива, занимающего больше 18000 га на Приерусланских песках в саратовском и волгоградском Заволжье. Этот лесной массив расположен в 25 км от полупустыни Прикаспийской низменности. Желна, по нашим данным, появилась в Дьяковском лесу зимой 2011 – 2012 гг. после обширного пожара, произошедшего очень жарким летом 2010 г. Масса погибших на корню деревьев привела к вспышке развития ксилофагов, что, скорее всего, привело к возникновению оседлой популяции желны в Дьяковском лесу. В течение 10 лет нами проводятся наблюдения за названной популяцией. При помощи маршрутного метода определены параметры ее плотности в зимний период, выявлена часть гнездовых участков, что подтверждает круглогодичное обитание и размножение желны в Дьяковском лесу. Наши наблюдения за расселением желны в Заволжье согласуются с данными авторов, установивших появление этого вида на Нижней Волге в Волго-Ахтубинской пойме. По всей вероятности, расселение желны в Заволжье имеет связь как с изменением структуры местообитаний, с увеличением численности этого вида в основной части ареала, так и с другими факторами, приведенными нами в этой работе. По современным представлениям, расположение ареалов определяется «климатическим пространством», которое потенциально пригодно для расселения конкретного вида. Другие взаимодействующие с климатом факторы определяют фактическое освоение видом территории этого пространства. Подобные факты изменения границ ареалов отдельных видов в результате изменения климата и связанных с ним факторов имеют широкое распространение в мире.

The paper considers the fact of the black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius L.) colonization of the Dyakovsky (Saltovsky) forest area, which occupies more than 18,000 hectares on the Yeruslan sands in the Saratov and Volgograd Trans-Volga regions. This forest area is located 25 km from the semi-desert of the Caspian lowland. According to our data, the black woodpecker appeared in the Dyakovsky forest in the winter of 2011–2012 after an extensive fire in the very hot summer of 2010. The mass of dead trees led to an outbreak of xylophagous development, which most likely led to the emergence of a settled population of the black woodpecker in the Dyakovsky forest. For 10 years, we have been conducting observations of the named population. Using the route method, parameters of its density in the winter period were determined, part of the nesting sites was identified, which confirms the year-round habitation and reproduction of the black woodpecker in the Dyakovsky forest. Our observations of the black woodpecker dispersal in the Trans-Volga region are consistent with the data of those authors who established the appearance of this species on the Lower Volga in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain. In all likelihood, the black woodpecker dispersal in the Trans-Volga region is associated with both some change in the structure of habitats, with some increase in the abundance of this species in the main part of the habitat, and with other factors cited in this work. According to modern concepts, the location of habitats is determined by the “climatic space”, which is potentially suitable for the settlement of a particular species. Other factors interacting with the climate determine the actual development of the territory of this space by the species. Such facts of changes in the boundaries of the habitats of separate species as a result of climate change and factors interacting therewith are widespread in the world.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.